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Ball Screw Lead Accuracy Tolerances (C0 – C10 · JIS B 1192 / ISO 3408)

Full ball screw lead-accuracy tables: cumulative representative lead error ±E and variation e by grade C0 / C1 / C2 / C3 / C5 / C7 / C10 and effective thread length (JIS B 1192), plus the ISO / DIN / JIS / MOSIONX e300 comparison, preload grades P0–P4 and maximum axial clearance at P0.

An accuracy grade alone says little: a C5 screw at 800 mm and one at 3000 mm differ by roughly 4× in allowed error, and e300 and e2π control entirely different error shapes. The tables below give the full breakdown by effective thread length, straight from the catalogue — usable for both drawing callouts and acceptance inspection.

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1. The four lead-accuracy characteristics (ISO 3408)

CharacteristicDefinition
T — target value of cumulative leadDifference between cumulative reference lead and cumulative nominal lead over the effective thread length — a compensation applied at manufacture for thermal growth and elastic deflection.
E — error of cumulative representative leadCumulative representative lead minus cumulative reference lead.
e — variation (full length)Maximum width of the actual cumulative lead band measured between two lines parallel to the representative lead, over the whole effective thread length.
e300 — variation over any 300 mmMaximum width over any 300 mm within the effective length. General grades (C7, C10) are specified by e300 only.
e2π — variation over one revolutionMaximum deviation of axial displacement over one revolution of the shaft, at any rotation angle.

2. Cumulative representative lead error ±E and variation e (JIS B 1192)

Effective length (mm)
over
up toC0 ±EC0 eC1 ±EC1 eC2 ±EC2 eC3 ±EC3 eC5 ±EC5 eC7 eC10 e
—100333.5557881818±50/300 mm±210/300 mm
1002003.534.55771082018——
20031543.565871282318——
31540053.5759713102520——
400500648510715102720——
500630649611816123023——
6308007510713918133525——
800100086118151021154027——
1000125096139181124164630——
125016001171510211329185435——
16002000——1811251535216540——
20002500——2213301841247746——
25003150——2615362150299354——
31504000——30184425603511565——
40005000————5230724114077——
50006300————6536905017093——
63008000——————11060210115——
800010000————————260140——
1000012500————————320170——

Values in μm. C7 and C10 are not graded by length; they are specified only by the maximum width over any 300 mm (C7: ±50 μm/300 mm, C10: ±210 μm/300 mm).

3. International comparison of e300

Standard / makerC0C1C2C3C5 (ground)C5 (rolled)C7C10
ISO / DIN—6—12232352210
JIS3.55—8181850210
MOSIONX3.5578182350210

Values in μm. Ground screws cover C0–C5, rolled screws C5–C10; MOSIONX quotes e300 = 18 μm for ground C5 and 23 μm for rolled C5.

4. Axial clearance and preload grades P0 – P4

GradeAxial clearancePreload
P0Clearance presentNone
P1NoneNone to minimal
P2NoneLight
P3NoneMedium
P4NoneHeavy

5. Maximum axial clearance at P0 (rolled vs ground)

Screw diameterRolled, max clearance (mm)Ground, max clearance (mm)
⌀04 – ⌀14 miniature0.050.015
⌀15 – ⌀40 medium0.080.025
⌀50 – ⌀100 large0.120.05

FAQ

How much do C5 and C7 actually differ?
At 1000 mm effective length, C5 allows ±E = 46 μm while C7 is governed by e300 = ±50 μm per 300 mm. Expressed as accumulated error over 1 m of travel, C5 is roughly one third of C7.
Why does a long stroke call for a higher grade?
Tolerances grow with effective length: the same C5 allows ±E = 27 μm at 400 mm but 65 μm at 2000 mm. Above about 1.5 m of stroke, C3 is normally the right choice.
Does preload improve accuracy?
Preload does not improve lead accuracy; it removes axial clearance and raises stiffness. Positioning accuracy comes from accuracy grade plus preload plus correct mounting coaxiality.
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